Essential for metalworkers: Maintenance methods for CNC machining centers
Proper maintenance of machine tools is necessary to maintain optimal machining accuracy and extend the service life of the machines. Caution: After the machine is started, maintenance of the machine tool is prohibited. During maintenance, the circuit breaker of the circuit should be disconnected.
1、 Maintenance of machining accuracy:
1. After starting up, it is necessary to preheat for about 10 minutes before processing. Machines that are not used for a long time should have their preheating time extended; 2. Check if the oil circuit is unobstructed; 3. Before shutting down, place the workbench and saddle in the center position of the machine (move the three-axis travel to the middle position of each axis travel); 4. Keep the machine tool dry and clean.
2、 Maintenance inspection:
（1） Daily maintenance and upkeep
1. Check the level of lubricating oil to ensure lubrication of the machine tool. Suggest using T68 # rail lubricant. 2. Check if the coolant in the coolant tank is sufficient and add it promptly if it is not enough. 3. Check the oil level of the pneumatic triple joint, which should be approximately 2/3 of the entire oil pipe height. Every day, the water vapor in the pneumatic triple element oil filter tank is discharged through the drainage switch. 4. Check the air pressure, loosen the adjustment knob, and adjust the pressure according to the principle of increasing pressure to the right and decreasing pressure to the left, generally set to 5-7 KG/CM2. The pressure switch is usually set to 5 KG/CM2. When it is lower than 5KG/CM2, an alarm will be triggered and the system will display a "LOW AIR PRESSURE" alarm. After the pressure rises, the alarm message will disappear. 5. Check if the air blowing inside the spindle taper hole is normal, wipe the spindle taper hole with a clean cotton cloth, and spray light oil on it. 6. Clean the magazine arms and tools, especially the claws. 7. Clean the exposed limit switches and bumpers. 8. Remove cutting and oil stains from the workbench, machine tool interior, and three-axis telescopic cover. 9. Check if all signal lights and abnormal warning lights are functioning properly. 10. Check if there is any leakage in the oil pressure unit pipe. 11. Clean and sweep the machine tool after daily work is completed. 12. Maintain a clean environment around the machine.
（2） Weekly maintenance
1. Clean the air filter screen of the heat exchanger, as well as the filter screens of the cooling pump and lubricating oil pump. 2. Check if the tool bolt is loose and if the handle is clean. 3. Check if the three-axis mechanical origin is offset. 4. Check whether the movement of the tool changing arm or the rotation of the tool disc in the tool magazine is smooth. 5. If there is an oil cooler, check the oil cooler oil. If it is below the scale line, please add oil cooler oil in a timely manner. Recommend using 10 # spindle oil. 6. Check the set temperature of the oil cooler, it is recommended to set it between 26-28 degrees.
（3） Monthly maintenance
1. Check the lubrication condition of the X, Y, and Z three-axis tracks, and ensure that the track surface is well lubricated. 2. Check and clean the limit switch and bumper. 3. Check if the oil in the knife cylinder oil cup is sufficient, and add it promptly if it is insufficient. 4. Check if the signs and warning labels on the machine are clear and present.
（4） Half year maintenance
1. Remove the three-axis anti debris cover, clean the three-axis oil pipe joint, ball guide screw, three-axis limit switch, and check if they are normal. Check if the hard rail scraping blades on each axis are effective. 2. Check if the servo motors and heads of each axis are operating normally and if there are any abnormal sounds. 3. Replace the oil pressure unit oil and the tool magazine reducer oil. 4. Test the clearance between each axis and adjust the compensation amount if necessary. 5. Clean the dust inside the electrical box (make sure the machine is turned off). 6. Conduct a comprehensive inspection of all contacts, connectors, sockets, and switches to ensure they are functioning properly. 4. Check and adjust the mechanical level.
（5） Annual maintenance
1. Check if all buttons are sensitive and functioning properly. 2. Clean the cutting water tank and replace the cutting fluid. 3. Check the vertical accuracy of each axis and decide whether adjustments are needed.
3、 Daily maintenance and repair
Attention: Maintenance and repair of equipment should be carried out by professional engineers.
1. The grounding protection system should have good continuity to ensure personal safety. 2. Regularly inspect components such as circuit breakers, contactors, single-phase or three-phase arc extinguishers, etc. If the wiring is loose and the noise is too loud, identify the cause and eliminate the hidden danger. 3. Ensure that the cooling fan inside the electrical cabinet is running properly, otherwise it may cause damage to the components. 4. The fuse is blown and the air switch frequently trips. The cause should be identified and eliminated in a timely manner.
4、 Servo drive battery replacement
The absolute system data is maintained by the servo drive battery. When the battery voltage is too low (warning 9F) and the driver battery needs to be replaced, please order the same model of battery unit as soon as possible and keep the driver power on. Please turn on the power of the drive unit 30 minutes before replacing the battery and complete the battery replacement within 1 hour.
5、 Steps for battery replacement
1. Confirm that the input power has been cut off and the power supply of the replaced driver unit has been turned off. 2. Pull out the battery plug connected to the drive unit battery socket. 3. Press the side of the battery with your fingertips, push the battery horizontally, and then remove it. 4. Connect the plug of the new battery to the battery socket of the drive unit. 5. Install the battery onto the drive unit.
